Here are abstracts from Volume 5 Number 2 of the Journal of the Swimming Pool and Spa Industry:

Benjamin D. Tanner and Charles P. Gerba, Ph.D.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science – University of Arizona

Update on Outbreaks of Cryptosporidium Associated with Swimming Pools

The most important factor in preventing outbreaks of disease caused by swimming pools is adequate disinfection. Chlorine is the agent universally selected for swimming pool disinfection. However, protozoan parasites, such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium are very resistant to inactivation by chlorine. Cryptosporidium is particularly able to survive at chlorine concentrations commonly used in swimming pools. Filtration and proper pool management are needed to provide adequate protection from these protozoan parasites. This review describes the most recent outbreaks of Cryptosporidium associated with swimming pools, probable factors that contributed to the outbreaks, and recommendations for treatment of pools contaminated with Cryptosporidium.
Authors’ note: This paper is an update of an article published in the Journal of the Swimming Pool and Spa Industry in the winter of 1995 entitled “Outbreaks Caused by Giardia and Cryptosporidium Associated with Swimming Pools” (JSPSI Volume 1 Number 3 pp. 9–18).

John A. Wojtowicz

Chemcon

Bromine Derivitives of Cyanuric Acid

Various bromine derivatives of cyanuric acid have been prepared and characterized. These include: partially and fully brominated derivatives of di- and trichloroisocyanuric acids, and sodium dichloroisocyanurate. In addition, partially brominated derivatives of the double salts of trichloroisocyanuric acid and potassium dichloroisocyanurate are possible. The bromine derivatives have lower solubilities than the chlorinated analogs. None of these compounds have been commercially developed.

John A. Wojtowicz

Chemcon

Swimming Pool and Spa Chemical Safe Storage and Shipping Temperatures

Most chemical substances are subject to some decomposition at elevated temperatures, including some swimming pool and spa chemicals such as sanitizers and oxidizing agents. Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations governing the preparation of hazardous materials for transportation are described in the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act. Under these regulations, the offering for transportation of a material that is liable to decompose or polymerize at a temperature of 130°F (54.4°C) or less with evolution of a dangerous quantity of heat or gas is forbidden. The determination of whether a material is forbidden may be made by the Self Accelerating Decomposition Temperature (SADT) test. Accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) and computer simulation offer an alternative to SADT testing and are discussed in this article.

Que Hales, Kim Skinner, and Doug Latta

onBalance

Dosages for Adjusting Swimming Pool Chemistry

In Volume 1 Number 1 of the Journal, corrected dosages were presented, along with supporting documentation, for the adjustment of alkalinity in pools and spas. Unique, simplified formulas were also presented for field use. In this article, simplified formulas of the same format are presented for adjusting many other parameters in pools and spas, along with the same type of supporting documentation.